[Salon] North Africa reacts to Gaza-Israel war



North Africa reacts to Gaza-Israel war

Summary: popular support for the Palestinian cause has brought hundreds of thousands into the streets while creating challenges for the leadership of the Maghreb countries that were once colonies of France and with whom relations were already strained.

We thank Francis Ghilès for today’s article. Francis, a regular contributor to Arab Digest, is a specialist on security, energy, and political trends in North Africa and the Western Mediterranean. He is a member of Frontier Energy, a senior associate research fellow at the Barcelona Centre for International Affairs (CIDOB)  and a visiting fellow at King’s College, London. From 1981 to 1995 Francis was the North Africa correspondent for the Financial Times and has written for numerous publications including the New York Times, Wall Street Journal, Le Monde and El Pais. You can find his most recent Arab Digest podcast “Tunisia: the revolution that wasn’t a revolution” here.

No violence has, so far, marred the demonstrations to express support for the Palestinian people which have taken place across North African countries since the 7 October Hamas attack and Israel’s response to it. An estimated three hundred thousand people took to the streets of the Moroccan capital Rabat on 15 October to vent their anger at Israel’s policies in the West Bank and Gaza. That was before the bombing of a hospital in Gaza City that killed approximately 500 and injured more than 1000. The official approach seems to be to allow people, marching under the banner of the Front Marocain de Soutien a la Palestine et contre la normalisation (FMSPCN) which groups together more than twenty political parties and trade unions, to vent their feelings and at the same time preserve the Abraham Accords which Morocco signed with Israel in December 2020. Returning the quid pro quo in July of this year Israel recognised Morocco’s sovereignty over the disputed territory of the Western Sahara.

Israel has been active in Morocco for six decades but is much more open today about the weapons it sells to the kingdom and the myriad industrial and farming projects it is involved in. With normalisation ever more Israeli tourists were visiting Morocco.

However, the kingdom’s relationship with Israel remains defined by the estimated 700,000 Sephardi Israelis of Moroccan descent, many of whom who retain a strong attachment to their former country. An estimated 3000 Jews live in Morocco though exact figures are difficult to confirm. Another bond is that King Mohamed VI’s father, Hassan II played an important role behind the scenes in fostering relations between Israel and the PLO leadership in the decade before the Oslo agreement. Those bonds are now being seriously tested.

The Moroccan Ministry of Foreign Affairs laconically condemned “violence against civilians whatever its source” after the 7 October Hamas attack but the ministry specifically condemned Israel for the bombing of the Al Ahli hospital on 17 October. King Mohamed is walking a tightrope as he seeks to please Moroccan public opinion, the West and his de facto ally Israel. But the sophisticated political and diplomatic game which the Mahkzen (ruling elite) play could quickly come unstuck if Israel’s expected assault on Gaza turns out to be as bloody as most security and defence analysts anticipate it will be.


A pro-Palestinian protest in Algiers, Thursday 19 October [photo credit: Yasmine Marouf-Araibi]

In neighbouring Algeria, historically one of the strongest supporters of the PLO, marches in favour of the Palestinians have drawn smaller crowds than during the vast Hirak protest movement four years ago. A majority of the protesters appear to be women and younger people with few Islamist party banners on display. A march on 19 October was officially sponsored and organised but many older Algerians appeared to have stayed away, fearful of the police ever since the brutal crushing of the Hirak which on some week-ends had brought millions of people into the streets in favour of democracy and against a regime many of them view as illegitimate.

The many demonstrations in Tunisia have so far passed off without major incident, with people expressing their anger and pain at the relentless bombing campaign inflicted on Gaza and the lack of rights afforded the Palestinians. Uncharacteristically, President Kais Saied has kept a low profile.

In all three countries, the prompt support European leaders have given Israel and their apparent lack of concern for the thousands of Palestinian civilians already killed or wounded has simply reinforced a conviction that the EU “is a past master at double standards” as one Moroccan puts it. There is deep anger at the way in which European countries have seemingly obliterated Palestine from their narrative.

The credibility of the EU in general and France in particular lies in tatters with people fearful of rising Islamophobia in France, where millions of citizens of Maghrebi origin live. The strongly pro-Israeli coverage of the French media has brought together Moroccan and Algerian elites despite the state of virtual cold war between the two countries. Irrespective of class or country, North Africans are very worried about the possible repercussions in France. Thankfully, to date, in Paris and its immediate suburbs, notably Sarcelles which boasts large Muslim and Jewish communities, the manifest will to live and let live has prevailed.

The only French politician who finds grace in the eyes of North Africa is the former prime minister Dominique de Villepin who  on 12 October on France Inter bemoaned the West’s “amnesia …that considered imagining that this Palestinian question would be able to fade away in the face of an economic, strategic and diplomatic agreement, as a substitute for this tragedy."

Commenting on President Biden’s warning to Israeli leaders not to overreact to the initial Hamas attack, one senior Algerian remarked that contrary to 9/11 after which support for the US was widespread at all levels of Western society and in Russia, “today there is no great popular show of support for Israel in the West.” And among the people of North Africa, as opposed to the leadership, whatever incidental good will Israel may have had has burnt away in the ongoing saturation bombing campaign and the looming land invasion of Gaza.


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